frequency of cardiac arrhythmias in high and low- yielding dairy cows

electrocardiography (ecg) may be used to recognize cardiac disorders. levels of milk production may change the serum electrolytes which its imbalance has a role in cardiac arrhythmia. fifty high yielding and fifty low yielding holstein dairy cows were used in this study. electrocardiography was recorded by base-apex lead and blood samples were collected from jugular vein for measurement of serum elements such as sodium, potassium, calcium, phosphorous, iron and magnesium. cardiac dysrhythmias were detected more frequent in low yielding holstein cows (62.00%) compared to high yielding holstein cows (46.00%). the cardiac dysrhythmias that were observed in low yielding holstein cows included sinus arrhythmia (34.70%), wandering pacemaker (22.45 %), bradycardia (18.37%), tachycardia (10.20%), atrial premature beat (2.04%), sinoatrial block (2.04%), atrial fibrillation (8.16%) and atrial tachycardia (2.04%). the cardiac dysrhythmias were observed in high yielding holstein cows including, sinus arrhythmia (86.95%) and wandering pacemaker (13.05%). also, notched p wave was observed to be 30% and 14% in high- and low- yielding holstein cows respectively. the serum calcium concentration of low yielding holstein cows was significantly lower than that of high yielding holstein cows. there was not any detectable significant difference in other serum elements between high- and low- yielding holstein cows. based on the result of present study, could be concluded that low serum concentration of calcium results to more frequent dysrhythmias in low yielding holstein cows.